Lectins and their benefits

[circular]

Some soaps (Basis) helped my eczema, rash, inflammation or whatever it (is) was but they did not eliminate it. I saw a 30% reduction in symptoms with a change in soaps. I have had a 100% reduction with eliminating grains,beans and legumes and I can use whatever soap I want. My skin is perfectly smooth when eating clean and I can elicit a response quite quickly and dramatically by eating the aforementioned foods.

Your experience with this is quite interesting!

I can't help but notice the name of the soap or lotion you mention that helps as "Mother Dirt". Hospitals struggle with staph infections despite their sterlility.
Maybe "Mother Dirt" or dirt in general has bacteria that keeps staph from out competing or overpopulating?

This is the thinking behind the approach I took. I never had my skin tested for staph, but if it was colonizing my sinuses it makes sense that it would also be colonizing my skin. Mother Dirt tests their products to verify that they don't kill the healthy skin biome, or at least the part(s) of it they test. My guess is that almost all commercial skin products, including many herbal, do kill important parts of a healthy skin biome so I avoid as many as possible and pet my friends' and family's animals as much as possible.

Even though I've tested high in adiponectin with Dr. Gundry a long while back, I've never been totally strict about lectin avoidance. On the other hand I was already avoiding all the major sources for years due to not feeling well when I eat them, and I've reduced them even further while incorporating a lot of new items on Dr. Gundry's approved list. I did have eczema while eating this way. Now I wonder if eliminated the last traces of lectins would have cured it, but I think this notion of an interaction between lectins and biomes is really interesting. It would also help account for why some people and populations can handle lectins better than others.

[Tincup]

and

We were at a potluck dinner last night. The guests included a carnivore (no plant products) and an ethical vegetarian. Interestingly the carnivore tried this approach to lose weight some years ago, but found out that her depression (and 20 years of Prozac) lifted after about 3 weeks. Interviews are here with her and her doc (who did not prescribe the diet). She also told us that one child, now 14 seems to have a similar reaction. We joke that the difference between her approach & Gundry's is that carnivores think all plants are bad, Gundry only thinks some are bad .

[KiminCalifornia]

"So question: Any high quality science papers to support Dr. Gundy's numerous claims.
Can anybody provide Dr. Gundy's list of science references.

I try to be very open minded; just not so open minded that anybody can threw in a bunch of crap.[/quote]

Not necessarily the proof you request, but here's a Bredesen/Gundy interview. https://youtu.be/p6lkRXaQKwk

[TheresaB]

"So question: Any high quality science papers to support Dr. Gundy's numerous claims.
Can anybody provide Dr. Gundy's list of science references.

You’re right there are many things Dr Gundry (with an r by the way, not Gundy) advocates for a healthy diet. In addition to reducing lectins, he advocates consuming polyphenols, olive oil, pre/probiotics, avoiding casein A-1 in dairy products, reducing endocrine disruptors (glyphosate, cash register receipts, plastic products, preservatives, etc.), keeping insulin levels low, keeping IGF-1 low, avoiding artificial sweeteners, fruit in season/moderation and on and on.

Dr Gundry has studied and observed so much in his medical practice, I’d be impressed if anyone had a comprehensive list of all the papers supporting Dr Gundry, but there are the 41 pages of footnotes in his book The Plant Paradox

Since you posted in the lectins thread, here is what I found to be an interesting write up
https://cellsciencesystems.com/pdfs/Lectins.pdf
It appears to take an unbiased approach citing both Dr Gundry and Dr Greger, a strong critic of Dr Gundry.

If you are looking specifically for papers on lectins, here are the footnotes cited by the above website:
• 1 Ros E, Hu FB. Consumption of plant seeds and cardiovascular health: epidemiological and clinical trial evidence. Circulation. 2013 Jul 30;128(5):553-65. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001119. Review. PubMed PMID: 23897849; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3745769.
• 2 Leech J. Dietary Lectins: Everything You Need to Know. Healthline. April 1, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018 from https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/dietary-lectins
• 3 Varki, A. (2009). Essentials of Glycobiology; Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Freeze HH, Stanley P et al., editors.
• 4 Kailashiya, J., Mukherjee, A., & Dash, D. (2017). Essentials of medical biochemistry: With clinical cases. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 145(4), 576.
• 5 Ghazarian H, Idoni B, Oppenheimer SB. A glycobiology review: carbohydrates, lectins and implications in cancer therapeutics. Acta Histochem. 2011 May;113(3):236-47. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 Mar 2. Review. PubMed PMID: 20199800; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3027850.
• 6 Sharon N, Lis H. History of lectins: from hemagglutinins to biological recognition molecules. Glycobiology. 2004 Nov;14(11):53R62R. Epub 2004 Jun 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 15229195. https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article ... 53R/627369
• 7 Hart GW. Thematic minireview series on glycobiology and extracellular matrices: glycan functions pervade biology at all levels. J Biol Chem. 2013 Mar 8;288(10):6903. doi: 10.1074/jbc.R113.453977. Epub 2013 Jan 17. PubMed PMID: 23329844; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3591599.
• 8 Ghazarian H, Idoni B, Oppenheimer SB. A glycobiology review: carbohydrates, lectins and implications in cancer therapeutics. Acta Histochem. 2011 May;113(3):236-47. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 Mar 2. Review. PubMed PMID: 20199800; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3027850.
• 9 Singh RS, Kaur HP, Kanwar JR. Mushroom Lectins as Promising Anticancer Substances. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2016;17(8):797- 807. Review. PubMed PMID: 26916164.
• 10 Ng TB, Fai Cheung RC, Wing Ng CC, et al. A review of fish lectins. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2015;16(4):337-51. Review. PubMed PMID: 25929869.
• 11 Adebisi AO, Conway BR. Lectin-conjugated microspheres for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and interaction with mucus. Int J Pharm. 2014 Aug 15;470(1-2):28-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.070. Epub 2014 May 2. PubMed PMID: 24792977.
• 12 De Mejía EG, Prisecaru VI. Lectins as bioactive plant proteins: a potential in cancer treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2005;45(6):425-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 16183566.
• 13 Singh SS, Devi SK, Ng TB. Banana lectin: a brief review. Molecules. 2014 Nov 17;19(11):18817-27. doi: 10.3390/ molecules191118817. Review. PubMed PMID: 25407720.
• 14 Kailashiya, J., Mukherjee, A., & Dash, D. (2017). Essentials of medical biochemistry: With clinical cases. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 145(4), 576.
• 15 Ghazarian H, Idoni B, Oppenheimer SB. A glycobiology review: carbohydrates, lectins and implications in cancer therapeutics. Acta Histochem. 2011 May;113(3):236-47. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 Mar 2. Review. PubMed PMID: 20199800; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3027850.
• 16 De Mejía EG, Prisecaru VI. Lectins as bioactive plant proteins: a potential in cancer treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2005;45(6):425-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 16183566.
• 17 Sharon N, Lis H. History of lectins: from hemagglutinins to biological recognition molecules. Glycobiology. 2004 Nov;14(11):53R62R. Epub 2004 Jun 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 15229195. https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article ... 53R/627369
• 18 Nachbar MS, Oppenheim JD. Lectins in the United States diet: a survey of lectins in commonly consumed foods and a review of the literature. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Nov;33(11):2338-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 7001881.
• 19 Sharon N, Lis H. History of lectins: from hemagglutinins to biological recognition molecules. Glycobiology. 2004 Nov;14(11):53R62R. Epub 2004 Jun 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 15229195. https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article ... 53R/627369
• 20 Adamo, P., & Whitney, C. (2016). Eat right 4 (for) your type: The individualized blood type diet solution: 4 blood types, 4 diets. New York: New American Library. http://www.worldcat.org/title/eat-right ... s-4-diets/ oclc/967097405/viewport http://www.dadamo.com/txt/index.pl?3030 http://www.dadamo.com/txt/index.pl?3011
• 21 Leech J. The Blood Type Diet; An Evidence-Based Review. Healthline. June 5, 2017. Retrieved April 5, 2018 from https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/the-blood-type-diet-review#section2
• 22 Norris J. Lectins and Eat Right 4 Your (Blood) Type. Retrieved April 5, 2018 from http://jacknorrisrd.com/lectins-and-eat-right-4- your-blood-type/
• 23 Gundry, S. R. (2017). The plant paradox. HarperCollins. https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Plant_Paradox. html?id=PwyxDAAAQBAJ
• 24 Gundry, S. R. (2017). The plant paradox. HarperCollins. https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Plant_Paradox. html?id=PwyxDAAAQBAJ Excerpt http://believeit.us/wordpress/wp-conten ... Gundry.pdf
• 25 Gundry, S. R. (2018). Abstract P238: Remission/Cure of Autoimmune Diseases by a Lectin Limited Diet Supplemented With Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Polyphenols. Circulation. 2018;137:AP238 http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/137 ... P238.short
• 26 Gundry, S. R., & Epstein, J. (2016). Abstract 404: A High Dose Olive Oil, Polyphenol, and Lectin Limited Diet Reverses and/or Stabilizes Advanced Coronary Artery Disease. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.2016;36:A404, originally published February 9, 2017 http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/36/Suppl_1/A404
• 27 Gundry, S. R., & Epstein, J. (2013). Reversal of Endothelial Dysfunction Using Polyphenol Rich Foods and Supplements Coupled with Avoidance of Major Dietary Lectins. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.2013;33:A137. http://atvb.ahajournals.org/ content/33/Suppl_1/A137.short
• 28 Gundry, S. (2016). Modifying the gut microbiome with polyphenols and a lectin limited diet improves endothelial function. Atherosclerosis, 252, e167. http://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/ ... 8/fulltext
• 29 Gundry, S. R. (2014). Abstract P354: Elevated Adiponectin And Tnf-alpha Levels Are Markers For Gluten And Lectin Sensitivity. Circulation. 2014;129:AP354. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/129 ... P354.short
• 30 Kowalski LM, Bujko J. [Evaluation of biological and clinical potential of paleolithic diet]. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(1):9-15. Polish. PubMed PMID: 22642064.
• 31 Amidor, T. (2017). Ask the Expert: Clearing Up Lectin Misconceptions. Today’s Dietitian, 19(10), 10-10. Retrieved from http:// http://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/1017p10.shtm
• 32 Andrews R. All about lectins. Precision Nutrition. Retrieved April 5, 2018 from https://www.precisionnutrition.com/all- ... s#presale1
• 33 Nasi A, Picariello G, Ferranti P. Proteomic approaches to study structure, functions and toxicity of legume seeds lectins. Perspectives for the assessment of food quality and safety. J Proteomics. 2009 Apr 13;72(3):527-38. Doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 19217948.
• 34 Celleno L, Tolaini MV, D’Amore A, et al. A Dietary supplement containing standardized Phaseolus vulgaris extract influences body composition of overweight men and women. Int J Med Sci. 2007 Jan 24;4(1):45-52. PubMed PMID: 17299581; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1796956.
• 35 Onakpoya I, Aldaas S, Terry R, Ernst E. The efficacy of Phaseolus vulgaris as a weight-loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Br J Nutr. 2011 Jul;106(2):196-202. Review. PubMed PMID: 22844674.
• 36 van Damme, E. J. M., Peumans, W. J., Barre, A., & Rouge, P. (1998). Plant lectins: a composite of several distinct families of structurally and evolutionary related proteins with diverse biological roles. Critical reviews in plant sciences (USA).
• 37 Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans). Retrieved April 8 from https:// emergency.cdc.gov/agent/ricin/facts.asp
• 38 De Mejía EG, Prisecaru VI. Lectins as bioactive plant proteins: a potential in cancer treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2005;45(6):425-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 16183566.
• 39 Rabia Hamid and Akbar Masood, 2009. Dietary Lectins as Disease Causing Toxicants. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8: 293-303. 10.3923/pjn.2009.293.303 https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=pjn. ... 303&org=11
• 40 Leech J. Dietary Lectins: Everything You Need to Know. Healthline. April 1, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018 from https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/dietary-lectins
• 41 Gong T, Wang X, Yang Y, et al. Plant Lectins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome To Promote Inflammatory Disorders. J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):2082-2092. Doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600145. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 28087670.
• 42 Nasi A, Picariello G, Ferranti P. Proteomic approaches to study structure, functions and toxicity of legume seeds lectins. Perspectives for the assessment of food quality and safety. J Proteomics. 2009 Apr 13;72(3):527-38. Doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 19217948.
• 43 Nachbar MS, Oppenheim JD. Lectins in the United States diet: a survey of lectins in commonly consumed foods and a review of the literature. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Nov;33(11):2338-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 7001881.
• 44 Rodhouse JC, Haugh CA, Roberts D, et al. Red kidney bean poisoning in the UK: an analysis of 50 suspected incidents between 1976 and 1989. Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Dec;105(3):485-91. PubMed PMID: 2249712; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2271815.
• 45 Noah ND, Bender AE, Reaidi GB, et al. Food poisoning from raw red kidney beans. Br Med J. 1980 Jul 19;281(6234):236-7. PubMed PMID: 7407532; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1713670.
• 46 Noah ND, Bender AE, Reaidi GB, et al. Food poisoning from raw red kidney beans. Br Med J. 1980 Jul 19;281(6234):236-7. PubMed PMID: 7407532; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1713670.
• 47 Santos, A. F., da Silva, M. D. C., Napoleão, T. H., Paiva, P. M. G., Correia, M. T. S., & Coelho, L. C. B. B. (2014). Lectins: Function, structure, biological properties and potential applications. Current topics in peptide & protein research, 15, 41-62.
• 48 Pusztai A, Grant G. Assessment of lectin inactivation by heat and digestion. Methods Mol Med. 1998;9:505-14. doi: 10.1385/0- 89603-396-1:505. PubMed PMID: 21374488.
• 49 Food and Drug Administration. (2012). Bad Bug Book, Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins. Second Edition. https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/Food ... 297627.pdf
• 50 Rowles A. 6 Foods That Are High in Lectins. April 28, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2018 from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/fo ... s#section1
• 51 Paucar-Menacho, L. M., Berhow, M. A., Mandarino, J. M. G., de Mejia, E. G., & Chang, Y. K. (2010). Optimisation of germination time and temperature on the concentration of bioactive compounds in Brazilian soybean cultivar BRS 133 using response surface methodology. Food Chemistry, 119, 636-642. https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/pubag/downlo ... ontent=PDF
• 52 Reddy, N. R., & Pierson, M. D. (1994). Reduction in antinutritional and toxic components in plant foods by fermentationa. Food Research International, 27(3), 281-290. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 6994900965
• 53 Leech J. Dietary Lectins: Everything You Need to Know. Healthline. April 1, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018 from https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/dietary-lectins
• 54 Pusztai A, Grant G. Assessment of lectin inactivation by heat and digestion. Methods Mol Med. 1998;9:505-14. doi: 10.1385/0- 89603-396-1:505. PubMed PMID: 21374488.
• 55 de Punder K, Pruimboom L. The dietary intake of wheat and other cereal grains and their role in inflammation. Nutrients. 2013 Mar 12;5(3):771-87. doi:10.3390/nu5030771. Review. PubMed PMID: 23482055; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3705319. https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705319/ Creative Commons license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
• 56 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 57 Perone MJ, Bertera S, Shufesky WJ, et al. Suppression of autoimmune diabetes by soluble galectin-1. J Immunol. 2009 Mar 1;182(5):2641-53. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0800839. PubMed PMID: 19234158; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2929001.
• 58 Ramadass B, Dokladny K, Moseley PL, et al. Sucrose co-administration reduces the toxic effect of lectin on gut permeability and intestinal bacterial colonization. Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Oct;55(10):2778-84. Doi: 10.1007/s10620-010-1359-2. Epub 2010 Aug 5. PubMed PMID: 20686845.
• 59 Pusztai A, Ewen SW, Grant G, et al. Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PubMed PMID: 8399111.
• 60 Nasi A, Picariello G, Ferranti P. Proteomic approaches to study structure, functions and toxicity of legume seeds lectins. Perspectives for the assessment of food quality and safety. J Proteomics. 2009 Apr 13;72(3):527-38. Doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 19217948.
• 61 Pusztai A, Grant G. Assessment of lectin inactivation by heat and digestion. Methods Mol Med. 1998;9:505-14. doi: 10.1385/0- 89603-396-1:505. PubMed PMID: 21374488.
• 62 Pusztai A, Ewen SW, Grant G, et al. Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PubMed PMID: 8399111. 63 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed
• PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 64 Nachbar MS, Oppenheim JD. Lectins in the United States diet: a survey of lectins in commonly consumed foods and a review of the literature. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Nov;33(11):2338-45. Review. PubMed PMID: 7001881.
• 65 Wang Q, Yu LG, Campbell BJ, et al. Identification of intact peanut lectin in peripheral venous blood. Lancet. 1998 Dec 5;352(9143):1831-2. PubMed PMID: 9851393.
• 66 Zhao Q, Duckworth CA, Wang W, et al. Peanut agglutinin appearance in the blood circulation after peanut ingestion mimics the action of endogenous galectin-3 to promote metastasis by interaction with cancer-associated MUC1. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Dec;35(12):2815-21. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu216. Epub 2014 Oct 17. PubMed PMID: 25326505.
• 67 Rhodes JM, Black RR, Savage A. Altered lectin binding by colonic epithelial glycoconjugates in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1988 Nov;33(11):1359-63. PubMed PMID: 3180971.
• 68 Beack S, Cho M, Kim YE, et al. Hyaluronate-Peanut Agglutinin Conjugates for Target-Specific Bioimaging of Colon Cancer. Bioconjug Chem. 2017 May 17;28(5):1434-1442. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00126. Epub 2017 Apr 5. PubMed PMID: 28345902.
• 69 Vernygorodskyi, S., Shkolnikov, V., & Suhan, D. (2017). LECTIN BINDING PATTERNS IN NORMAL, DYSPLASTIC AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTED GASTRIC MUCOSA. Experimental Oncology, 39(2), 138-140.
• 70 Nasi A, Picariello G, Ferranti P. Proteomic approaches to study structure, functions and toxicity of legume seeds lectins. Perspectives for the assessment of food quality and safety. J Proteomics. 2009 Apr 13;72(3):527-38. Doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 19217948.
• 71 Gong T, Wang X, Yang Y, et al. Plant Lectins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome To Promote Inflammatory Disorders. J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):2082-2092. Doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600145. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 28087670.
• 72 Pusztai A, Grant G. Assessment of lectin inactivation by heat and digestion. Methods Mol Med. 1998;9:505-14. doi: 10.1385/0- 89603-396-1:505. PubMed PMID: 21374488.
• 73 Pusztai A. Dietary lectins are metabolic signals for the gut and modulate immune and hormone functions. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993 Oct;47(10):691-9. Review. PubMed PMID:
• 74 Pusztai A. Dietary lectins are metabolic signals for the gut and modulate immune and hormone functions. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993 Oct;47(10):691-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 8269884.
• 75 Vasconcelos IM, Oliveira JT. Antinutritional properties of plant lectins. Toxicon. 2004 Sep 15;44(4):385-403. Review. PubMed PMID: 15302522.
• 76 Nasi A, Picariello G, Ferranti P. Proteomic approaches to study structure, functions and toxicity of legume seeds lectins. Perspectives for the assessment of food quality and safety. J Proteomics. 2009 Apr 13;72(3):527-38. Doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.02.001. Epub 2009 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 19217948.
• 77 Rodhouse JC, Haugh CA, Roberts D, et al. Red kidney bean poisoning in the UK: an analysis of 50 suspected incidents between 1976 and 1989. Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Dec;105(3):485-91. PubMed PMID: 2249712; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2271815.
• 78 Noah ND, Bender AE, Reaidi GB, et al. Food poisoning from raw red kidney beans. Br Med J. 1980 Jul 19;281(6234):236-7. PubMed PMID: 7407532; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1713670.
• 79 Miyake K, Tanaka T, McNeil PL. Lectin-based food poisoning: a new mechanism of protein toxicity. PLoS One. 2007 Aug 1;2(8):e687. PubMed PMID: 17668065; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1933252. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1933252/
• 80 Pusztai A. Dietary lectins are metabolic signals for the gut and modulate immune and hormone functions. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993 Oct;47(10):691-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 8269884.
• 81 Rabia Hamid and Akbar Masood, 2009. Dietary Lectins as Disease Causing Toxicants. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8: 293-303. 10.3923/pjn.2009.293.303 https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=pjn. ... 303&org=11
• 82 Pusztai A, Ewen SW, Grant G, et al. Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PubMed PMID: 8399111.
• 83 Pusztai A. Characteristics and consequences of interactions of lectins with the intestinal mucosa. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1996 Dec;44(4 Suppl 1):10S-15S. PubMed PMID: 9137632.
• 84 Leech J. Dietary Lectins: Everything You Need to Know. Healthline. April 1, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018 from https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/dietary-lectins
• 85 Rowles A. 6 Foods That Are High in Lectins. April 28, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2018 from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/fo ... s#section1
• 86 Vojdani A. Lectins, agglutinins, and their roles in autoimmune reactivities. Altern Ther Health Med. 2015;21 Suppl 1:46-51. Review. PubMed PMID: 25599185.
• 87 Rabia Hamid and Akbar Masood, 2009. Dietary Lectins as Disease Causing Toxicants. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8: 293-303. 10.3923/pjn.2009.293.303 https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=pjn. ... 303&org=11
• 88 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 89 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 90 Gong T, Wang X, Yang Y, et al. Plant Lectins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome To Promote Inflammatory Disorders. J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):2082-2092. Doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600145. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 28087670.
• 91 Gong T, Wang X, Yang Y, et al. Plant Lectins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome To Promote Inflammatory Disorders. J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):2082-2092. Doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600145. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 28087670.
• 92 Dalla Pellegrina C, Perbellini O, Scupoli MT, et al. Effects of wheat germ agglutinin on human gastrointestinal epithelium: insights from an experimental model of immune/epithelial cell interaction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Jun 1;237(2):146-53. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.012. Epub 2009 Mar 28. PubMed PMID: 19332085.
• 93 Vojdani A. Lectins, agglutinins, and their roles in autoimmune reactivities. Altern Ther Health Med. 2015;21 Suppl 1:46-51. Review. PubMed PMID: 25599185.
• 94 Gong T, Wang X, Yang Y, et al. Plant Lectins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome To Promote Inflammatory Disorders. J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):2082-2092. Doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600145. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 28087670.
• 95 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 96 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 97 Freed DL. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17;318(7190):1023-4. PubMed PMID: 10205084; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1115436.
• 98 Cordain L, Toohey L, Smith MJ, Hickey MS. Modulation of immune function by dietary lectins in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Nutr. 2000 Mar;83(3):207-17. Review. PubMed PMID: 10884708. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/567c/ b43d70555dc52070e3e9c4ec626281948593.pdf
• 99 Gundry, S. R. (2018). Abstract P238: Remission/Cure of Autoimmune Diseases by a Lectin Limited Diet Supplemented With Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Polyphenols. Circulation. 2018;137:AP238 http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/137 ... P238.short
• 100 Gundry, S. R., & Epstein, J. (2016). Abstract 404: A High Dose Olive Oil, Polyphenol, and Lectin Limited Diet Reverses and/or Stabilizes Advanced Coronary Artery Disease. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.2016;36:A404, originally published February 9, 2017 http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/36/Suppl_1/A404
• 101 Gundry, S. R., & Epstein, J. (2013). Reversal of Endothelial Dysfunction Using Polyphenol Rich Foods and Supplements Coupled with Avoidance of Major Dietary Lectins. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.2013;33:A137. http://atvb.ahajournals.org/ content/33/Suppl_1/A137.short
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