Difference between revisions of "Hormone balance"

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(Added optimal levels for each hormone. Edited text.)
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The eleventh intervention to reverse mild Alzheimer's in the [[Bredesen Protocol]] is:
'''Goal''': Hormone balance


:'''Goal''': Hormone balance
'''Approach''': Optimize thyroid, estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, pregnenolone and cortisol with the help of your doctor


:'''Approach''': Optimize fT3, fT4, E2, T, progesterone, pregnenolone, cortisol


fT3 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triiodothyronine Free Triiodothyronine]) is a thyroid hormone with three iodine atoms that affects almost every process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.  It increases the body's oxygen and energy consumption.  It stimulates the production of the fatty coverings of nerves, the production of nerve signalling molecules, and the parts of nerves that act as wires.  It may increase serotonin in the brain.
'''Thyroid Hormones'''


fT4 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone Free Thyroxine]) is a thyroid hormone with four iodine atoms that gets turned into fT3 in the body. 
Thyroid function affects metabolic speed (hot/cold, over- versus under-weight), heart rate and mental sharpness and mood. Here are the optimal levels:


E2 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol Estradiol]) is the primary female sex hormone (it has two alcohol groups). It is an antioxidants, has been found to protect brain cells, and is made from progesterone and pregnenolone.
* TSH < 2.0 microIU/ml
* free T3 = 3.2-4.2 pg/ml
* reverse T3 < 20 ng/dL
* free T3 X 100:reverse T3 > 20
* free T4 – 1.3-1.8 ng/dL


[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone Progesterone] is involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and development of embryos, and has a protective effect on damaged brain tissue.
 
'''Sex Hormones'''
 
The role of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen estrogen] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone progesterone] in women is not totally settled, but within the brain, estrogen regulates the production of energy, use of glucose and mitochondrial function. We know that women are at higher risk for AD, and during menopause, the decline in circulating estrogen coincides with cognitive impacts and brain energy deficits. Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels for women:
 
* estradiol = 50-250 pg/ml
* progesterone = 1-20 ng/ml
* estradiol:progesterone ratio = 10:100 (and optimize to symptoms)
 
T ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone Testosterone]) is the primary male sex hormone.  Attention, memory, and spatial ability are affected by testosterone, and low or high testosterone levels may be a risk factor for cognitive decline and possibly Alzheimer's. Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels for men:
 
* total testosterone = 500-1000 ngo /dL
* free testosterone = 6.5-15 ng/dL
 
 
'''Other Hormones'''


[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnenolone Pregnenolone] is a steroid hormone. It is the precursor of many other steroid hormones and acts as a neurosteroid itself.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnenolone Pregnenolone] is a steroid hormone. It is the precursor of many other steroid hormones and acts as a neurosteroid itself.


T ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone Testosterone]) is the primary male sex hormone.  Attention, memory, and spatial ability are affected by testosterone, and low or high testosterone levels may be a risk factor for cognitive decline and possibly Alzheimer's.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol Cortisol] is a stress hormone.  Long-term exposure to cortisol damages cells in the hippocampus and impairs learning. Cortisol also decreases memory retrieval of already stored information.
 
Scientists don't know everything [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA] does. But they do know that it functions as a precursor to male and female sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen.
 
Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels:
 
* cortisol (morning) = 10-18 mcg/dL
* pregnenolone = 50-100 ng/dL
* DHEA sulfate (women) = 350-430 mcg/dL
* DHEA sulfate (men) = 400-500 mcg/dL


[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol Cortisol] is a stress hormone.  Long-term exposure to cortisol damages cells in the hippocampus and impairs learning. Cortisol also decreases memory retrieval of already stored information.


== References ==
'''References'''


* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3779441/ Next generation therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease]
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3779441/ Next generation therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12496475_Estrogen_use_APOE_and_cognitive_decline_Evidence_of_gene-environment_interaction Estrogen use, APOE, and cognitive decline: evidence of gene-environment interaction]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12496475_Estrogen_use_APOE_and_cognitive_decline_Evidence_of_gene-environment_interaction Estrogen use, APOE, and cognitive decline: evidence of gene-environment interaction]


== Next Intervention ==


The next intervention in the [[Bredesen Protocol]] is [[GI health]].
-----
 
Return to [[Bredesen_Protocol#Lifestyle_Strategies|Lifestyle Strategies]].

Revision as of 16:10, 21 January 2018

Goal: Hormone balance

Approach: Optimize thyroid, estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, pregnenolone and cortisol with the help of your doctor


Thyroid Hormones

Thyroid function affects metabolic speed (hot/cold, over- versus under-weight), heart rate and mental sharpness and mood. Here are the optimal levels:

  • TSH < 2.0 microIU/ml
  • free T3 = 3.2-4.2 pg/ml
  • reverse T3 < 20 ng/dL
  • free T3 X 100:reverse T3 > 20
  • free T4 – 1.3-1.8 ng/dL


Sex Hormones

The role of estrogen and progesterone in women is not totally settled, but within the brain, estrogen regulates the production of energy, use of glucose and mitochondrial function. We know that women are at higher risk for AD, and during menopause, the decline in circulating estrogen coincides with cognitive impacts and brain energy deficits. Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels for women:

  • estradiol = 50-250 pg/ml
  • progesterone = 1-20 ng/ml
  • estradiol:progesterone ratio = 10:100 (and optimize to symptoms)

T (Testosterone) is the primary male sex hormone. Attention, memory, and spatial ability are affected by testosterone, and low or high testosterone levels may be a risk factor for cognitive decline and possibly Alzheimer's. Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels for men:

  • total testosterone = 500-1000 ngo /dL
  • free testosterone = 6.5-15 ng/dL


Other Hormones

Pregnenolone is a steroid hormone. It is the precursor of many other steroid hormones and acts as a neurosteroid itself.

Cortisol is a stress hormone. Long-term exposure to cortisol damages cells in the hippocampus and impairs learning. Cortisol also decreases memory retrieval of already stored information.

Scientists don't know everything DHEA does. But they do know that it functions as a precursor to male and female sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen.

Dr. Bredesen suggests the following levels:

  • cortisol (morning) = 10-18 mcg/dL
  • pregnenolone = 50-100 ng/dL
  • DHEA sulfate (women) = 350-430 mcg/dL
  • DHEA sulfate (men) = 400-500 mcg/dL


References


Return to Lifestyle Strategies.

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